Reconstruction of the Nose using the Paramedian Forehead Flap – an interesting history
PDF

Keywords

Nose
Nasal defect
Nasal reconstruction

Abstract

The forehead flap has been used to reconstruct nasal defects for many centuries. It can be used to correct nasal deformities, repair defects following removal of skin cancers and also to treat traumatic injuries of the nose. The flap can be traced back to the times of Sushruta, known by many as the Father of Indian Medicine. Many years ago, removal of the nose was punishment for a host of different crimes, including infidelity. Thus, a repair that addressed both functional and aesthetic needs of the individual was required. This article will explore the technique, history and adaptability of the paramedian forehead flap which is a procedure performed in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) departments across the United Kingdom.

https://doi.org/10.48037/mbmj.v9i2.1371
PDF

References

Correa BJ, Weathers WM, Wolfswinkel EM, Thornton JF. The forehead flap: the gold standard of nasal soft tissue reconstruction. Semin Plast Surg 2013;27(2):96-103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1351231

Tilt A, Malphrus E, Hannan C, Patrick L. Paramedian forehead flap for reconstruction of nasal tip defect. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2020;8(4):e2713. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/GOX.0000000000002713

Shokri T, Kadakia S, Saman M, et al. The paramedian forehead flap for nasal reconstruction: from antiquity to present. J Craniofac Surg 2019;30(2):330-333. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0000000000004976

Yalamanchili H, Sclafani AP, Schaefer SD, Presti P. The path of nasal reconstruction: from Ancient India to the present. Facial Plas Surg 2008;24(1):003-010. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1021457.

Nawas JA. A history of Muslim Sicily. Al-Masāq. 2014;26(2):228-229. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.915122

Boyd CM, Baker SR, Fader DJ, Wang TS, Johnson TM. The forehead flap for nasal reconstruction. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136(11):1365-70. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.136.11.1365

Menick FJ. Aesthetic refinements in use of forehead for nasal reconstruction: the paramedian forehead flap. Clin Plast Surg 1990;17(4):607–622.

Chen C, Most S, Branham G, Spataro E. Postoperative complications of paramedian forehead flap reconstruction. JAMA Facial Plast Surg 2019;21(4):298-304. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamafacial.2018.1855

Lazzeri D, Agostini T, Figus M, et al. The contribution of Aulus Cornelius Celsus (25 B.C.–50 A.D.) to eyelid surgery. Orbit. 2012;31(3):162-167. Available from: https://doi.org/10.3109/01676830.2011.648816

Correa B, Weathers W, Wolfswinkel E, Thornton J. The forehead flap: the gold standard of nasal soft tissue reconstruction. Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 2013;27(02):096-103. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1351231